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APA 7th edition - Citations: Indigenous Knowledge

APA 7th edition
Please note: APA 7th ed. says to cite Indigenous Knowledge as personal communication. But unlike other personal communications, Elders and Knowledge Keepers should be cited in-text and in the reference list. The APA template was developed by Norquest College in the spirit of wahkôhtowin and reconciliation, and we thank them for sharing. See the article below for more information.

MacLeod, L. (2021). More than personal communication: Templates for citing Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers. KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies, 5(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.18357/kula.135

Indigenous Knowledge, Elders, and Knowledge Keepers

How to cite Indigenous Knowledge depends on where the information is located. If the information is from a journal article, book, video, etc., cite the information according to the source type. If the information comes directly from an Elder or Knowledge Keeper, follow the template below.

In-Text:

The nature of the place was... (Cardinal, 2004).

Reference Template:

Last  name,  First  initial.  Nation/Community.  Treaty  Territory  if  applicable.  Where  they  live  if  applicable.  Topic/subject  of  communication  if  applicable.  personal  communication.  Month  Date,  Year.

Reference Example:

Cardinal, D. Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. personal communication. April 4, 2004.